Mill-disk



(No Model.)

L. GATHMANN.

MILL DISK.

No. 254,814. 42 Patented Mar. 14.1882.

UNITED STATES PATENT O EicE.

LOUIS GATHMANN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MlLli-DISK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 254,814, dated March14, 1882.

Application filed October 1], 1880. Renewed August 29, 1881. (No model.)

grain and other materials, and for other purposes for which disk andother forms of grind ing and reducing apparatus are used. It has for itsobject to subject the grain or,other material passed between the disksto a practically uniform and determinate action therefrom, whereby theproduct is made more regular in the size of its particles, and wherebyall portions thereof may be equally preserved from overheating or fromother harmful effects of too long subjection to the grinding action.-

To these ends it consists in the novel form or construction of thedisk-faces, hereinafter fully set forth and claimed. In those forms ofdress heretofore given to millstones or grinding-disks there is nothing,so far as I am aware, to prevent some portions of the material beingground from being retained much longer than others between thegrinding-faces. This is one of the serious objections hitherto urgedagainst the disk form of grinding-face as compared with the roller orcylindric form.

In the case of two cylinders, of of a cylinder and concave, the extentof the grinding action is practically the same upon all parts of themass subjected thereto-that is to say, in reducin g wheat, for example,by cylinders, or by a cylinder and concave, each kernel of the mass ofgrain passes over the same extent of surface and remains subject to thegrinding action the same length of time, practically, as every otherkernel of the mass. This I mean to say has not been true of diskgrindingfaces as heretofore constructed. The disk form of mill has,however, many important advantages over the cylindric forms mentioned,particularlyin their less cost and more easy managetion to obviate theobjections mentioned by establishing the same conditions in the disksthat are presentin the said cylindric forms of mill. In what manner thisis done will be'understood from the following description, in whichreference is made to the accompanying drawings.

Figure l is a top view of the two disks, the upper one being broken awayto reveal the upper or working face of the lower disk. is a sideelevation of the two disks in working relation. Fig. 3 is a plan view ofthe workingface of the upper disk of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig.

4. is a central vertical section of the two disks through the indirectline 4 4 ofFig.1.

Fig. 1.

Fig.2.

Fig. 5 is a partial vertical section of said disks through the indirectline 5 5 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is a vertical section through the curvedline 6 6 of a vertical or with a horizontal axis, and should H be housedand otherwise-fitted and accompanied after the usual manner of disks'into which, therefore, this description will be disk-mill. Theinvention,inshort, relates solely to the construction of the working disk-faces,

limited.

In a vertical axis arrangement of the disks, (which I prefer,) A is theupper disk, and B is the lower disk. As here represented, A should bestationary, and B should rotate in the direction of the arrows of Figs.1 and 2. Said disks may be of any desired size or'nnaterial,

but, as now advised, I prefer to make them of steel or chilled iron andabout eighteen or twenty inches in diameter.

The upper disk, A, has a central aperture, 0, through which the materialtobe operated upon is fed between the disks, and a depressed portion orbosom, O, surrounded by the annular working-face D. Said face Dispreferably not more than three or four inches in width, and is dressedin fine ridges 0, either radial or directed on any desired draft. Thedisk B also has a central depression or bosom, E, and r a marginalworking-face, F, corresponding in radial width with that of the disk A.When the two disks are mounted in working relation,

the faces D and F are parallel, whether plane roo In the bosom E of therunner B are fixed a number of wings or vertical flanges, e, which areinclined from the radii of the disk suitably to throw the material to beground outward when the runner is in motion. The face F of the disk B isformed as follows G G are furrows leading outward from the bosom E,either radially or on a draft, as may be preferred, and terminating ashort distance inside the periphery of the disksay in the circle a,Fig. 1. They may therefore be called blind furrows. These furrows are,in sectional form, like the furrows of an ordinary millstonethat is,they have a gradual upward and rearward slope to the level of the faceF. Alternating with the furrows G are the deep recesses H H, which openbroadly in the periphery of the disk, as shown, but terminate at theirinner ends in the face F, a short distance outside the inner edge ofsaid face, or, say, in the circle b, Fig. 1. The radial sides of saidrecesses H are abrupt or nearly vertical, and said sides diverge in thelines where they cut the face F, so as to leave lands I in said face, ofsubstantially equal width throughout their length, between the circles0t and b. The several land-faces of the disk B are also of equal widthone with another. The lands I are herein shown as having a dressconsisting of a number of narrow radial ridges, d,- but said ridges maybe oblique orof other form, if preferred.

In the operation of the disks, when mounted as described, the materialto be ground is thrown outward by the wings eand enters the furrows G.Having no other escape, it thence passes over the lands I, where it isground, and the product falls into the recesses H. The rear walls ofthese recesses being abrupt, as stated, said product cannot again riseto the face F, but is by centrifugal action thrown out of said recessesat their open ends in the periphery of the disk.

It is plain that no material can pass outward from the disk-bosom exceptthrough thefurrows G, since these are the only outward passagestherefrom but as these furrows are closed at their outer ends thematerial in each must all find escape over the adjacentland I. Havingpassed one land, it can be no more acted upon, but is at oncedischarged. The lands being of substantially equal and uniform width, asdescribed, the grinding action is practically the same in extent of timeand space upon each and every part, fragment, or kernel passed throughthe machine, and the limit of this action may be predetermined in fixingthe breadth of the lands I. If further reduction or grinding of the samematerial be necessary, said material may be again passed through thedisks, set

closer than before; or a series of mills may be arranged to take theproduct from one to the other successively. A series of screens may bealso arranged with a series of the machines in alternation, as iscustomaryin flouring-mills.

I do not restrict myself as to the character of the dress 01 on thelands I, or that of the disk A. Both should be comparatively fine, andthe latter should be uniform throughout its whole extent, in order thatall parts thereof may present the same acting surface in opposition tothe narrow lands I.

The recesses H being solely for the purpose of discharging the groundproduct, they may evidently be bottomless; or,in other words,they may.form simple notches in the edge of the disk, or apertures extendingvertically through the disk.

If for any reason it shall be preferred to make the disk A the runner,the wings 0 should be applied thereto in order to throw the grain orother material to be ground into the furrows G. Said furrows beingfilled, the material will be carried out of the furrows and upon thelands by contact with the rough or ridged face D, and the subsequentgrinding action will be the same as though the disk B were the runner.

At 9, Fig. 1, the outer end of the furrow Gis shown curved, as itappears when cut ordressed out by an emery-wheel. The land I of coursecorrespondingly widens opposite this curve, but the practical effect isnot modified thereby, since only a small part of the material passesover the land at this point.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. In a grinding-mill, thecombination,with

an opposing disk havingarelatively plane working-face, of a disk, B,provided in its workingface with alternating blind feeding-furrows G,lands I, and recesses H, having abrupt rear walls anddischarge-openings, arranged and operating substantially as and forthepurposes set forth.

2. In agrinding-mill,thecombination,with an opposing disk having arelatively plane working-face, of a disk, B, having in its workingfacefurrows G, leading from the bosom outward and terminating near theperiphery, recesses H, having abrupt rear walls and extend ing inwardfrom the periphery nearly to the bosom, and intervening lands I, ofpractically uniform width, substantially as and for the tically uniformwidth, arranged in alternation as shown, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

1.- In a grinding-mill, the combination, with the disk B, having blindfurrows G, discharging-recesses H, and intervening lands I, ar- I Intestimony that I claim the foregoing as ranged in alternation as shown,of the opposmy invention I affix my signature in presence ing disk A,unlike the disk B, in having'a relaof two witnesses.

tively plane and uniform surface, whereby all LOUIS GATHMANN. partsthereof present the same acting surface Witnesses: i

in opposition to the lands I, substantially as M. E. DAYTON,

described. JESSE COX, Jr.

